(untitled) (LEGAL DIALOGICA, 2026)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara yuridis bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana aborsi yang mengakibatkan hilangnya nyawa, dengan menelaah Putusan Nomor 204/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Makassar sebagai objek kajian. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada kesesuaian penerapan norma pidana serta pertimbangan hukum hakim berdasarkan asas legalitas, asas kesalahan, dan asas proporsionalitas dalam hukum pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan sifat deskriptif-analitis melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder berupa literatur, jurnal ilmiah, serta doktrin hukum pidana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdakwa dalam Putusan Nomor 204/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Makassar dinyatakan terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan melakukan tindak pidana aborsi yang mengakibatkan kematian dan dijatuhi pidana penjara selama 5 (lima) tahun. Penjatuhan pidana tersebut didasarkan pada terpenuhinya unsur perbuatan melawan hukum, kesalahan, kemampuan bertanggung jawab, serta tidak adanya alasan pemaaf, dengan mempertimbangkan alat bukti yang sah dan fakta persidangan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa putusan hakim telah mencerminkan kepastian hukum dan keadilan substantif, namun tetap diperlukan konsistensi penerapan norma agar pemidanaan tidak hanya bersifat formal, tetapi juga berorientasi pada perlindungan hak hidup. Abstract: This study aims to conduct a juridical analysis of criminal liability imposed on perpetrators of abortion resulting in death by examining Decision Number 204/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Makassar as the object of analysis. The research focuses on the conformity of the application of criminal law provisions and the judicial considerations based on the principles of legality, culpability, and proportionality in criminal law. This study employs normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of primary and secondary sources, including statutory regulations, legal literature, scholarly journals, and doctrines in criminal law. The results indicate that the defendant in Decision Number 204/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Makassar was lawfully and convincingly proven to have committed the criminal offense of abortion resulting in death and was sentenced to five years of imprisonment. The imposition of the sentence was based on the fulfillment of the elements of unlawful conduct, culpability, criminal responsibility, and the absence of exculpatory grounds, taking into account valid evidence and facts revealed during the trial. This study concludes that the judicial decision reflects legal certainty and substantive justice; however, consistent application of legal norms remains necessary to ensure that sentencing is not merely formalistic but also oriented toward the protection of the right to life.