Anak, Narkotika, dan Keadilan: Ketika Pemulihan Lebih Bermakna dari Pemidanaan

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi rehabilitasi anak pelaku tindak pidana narkotika berdasarkan keadilan restoratif di BNN Kota Makassar dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapannya.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan data tahun 2025. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rehabilitasi dilaksanakan melalui asesmen terpadu yang menilai aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan keluarga. Seluruh 36 anak menjalani rawat jalan, mayoritas usia 17 tahun (47,22%), seluruhnya laki-laki, dominan pengguna sabu-sabu (58,33%) dan sintek (27,78%). Rawat jalan diterapkan berdasarkan dukungan keluarga dan prinsip restoratif. Faktor pendukung meliputi SDM kompeten, regulasi memadai, dan koordinasi antar-instansi. Hambatan utama adalah keterbatasan fasilitas, resistensi keluarga, stigma sosial, dan risiko residivis. Rekomendasi penelitian mencakup peningkatan kapasitas SDM, penguatan konseling keluarga, kampanye anti-stigma, dan optimalisasi program pasca rehabilitas.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the implementation of rehabilitation for child offenders of narcotic crimes based on restorative justice at the National Narcotics Agency (BNN) of Makassar City and to identify the factors influencing its application. The study employs an empirical legal research method with a descriptive qualitative approach using 2025 data. The results indicate that rehabilitation is carried out through an integrated assessment evaluating physical, psychological, social, and family aspects. All 36 children underwent outpatient treatment. The majority were 17 years of age (47.22%), all were male, predominantly users of methamphetamine (shabu-shabu) (58.33%) and synthetic cannabis (sintek) (27.78%). Outpatient treatment was applied based on family support and restorative principles. Supporting factors include competent human resources, adequate regulations, and inter-agency coordination. The main obstacles are limited facilities, family resistance, social stigma, and the risk of recidivism. Research recommendations include increasing human resource capacity, strengthening family counseling, anti-stigma campaigns, and optimization of post-rehabilitation programs.